Planting trees provides us with so many environmental benefits: soil health, erosion control, animal habitats, free oxygen, and not the least of which is shade. And fall is the perfect time to plant! However, different trees have different needs, and in a water-starved state like ours, drought resistant trees have a much better chance of thriving.
Planting trees that require less water is very beneficial. Drought-tolerant trees reduce the demand on local water resources, conserving water for other essential uses. These trees are better adapted to Texas’ natural climate, which means they require less maintenance and are more resilient to environmental stresses, and because they require fewer fertilizers and pesticides, they cost less to maintain. Additionally, planting native, water-efficient trees supports local biodiversity, providing habitat for native wildlife and contributing to the ecological health of the region. By choosing trees that thrive with minimal water, you can create sustainable, beautiful landscapes that are both environmentally friendly and economically sensible.
Here are some native Texas trees that need little water once established:
Water Needs: Burr oaks are relatively drought-tolerant once established, needing moderate watering during dry spells. Initially, they require regular watering to establish a deep root system. After three years of establishment, they only need water in the summer.
Benefits: Burr oaks provide significant shade with their large, spreading canopies. Their acorns are a food source for wildlife, and the trees can support many native insects and birds.
Care: Burr oaks thrive in well-drained soil and full sun. Pruning is necessary to maintain structure and remove any dead or diseased branches. Mulching helps retain soil moisture and protect their roots.
Water Needs: Texas redbuds are drought-tolerant once established. During dry periods, occasional deep watering helps maintain their health.
Benefits: These small trees only reach 15 feet in height and are known for their striking pink to purple spring blooms, which attract early-season pollinators. They also provide excellent ornamental value.
Care: Texas redbuds thrive in well-drained soil and partial to full sun. Pruning is best done after flowering to shape the tree and remove any dead or crossing branches.
Water Needs: Cedar elms are highly drought-tolerant, requiring minimal watering once established. They do well with natural rainfall in most Texas climates.
Benefits: These trees are excellent for providing shade and have a high tolerance for urban pollution. They also support various wildlife, including birds and butterflies.
Care: Cedar elms prefer well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. Regular pruning helps maintain their shape and health. Cedar elms can lose their leaves in the summer if they get too stressed but can get a second bloom of leaves in the fall.
Water Needs: Texas ash need moderate watering, especially during their first few years. Once established, they are quite drought-tolerant but benefit from occasional deep watering.
Benefits: Texas ash provide ample shade and are known for their vibrant fall color. They support local wildlife and offer excellent ornamental value.
Care: These trees thrive in well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. Pruning in late winter or early spring helps maintain their structure. Mulching and occasional fertilization can support healthy growth. Don’t confuse Texas ash with Arizona ash which are not recommended for planting in Texas.
Water Needs: Red oaks need moderate watering, particularly during dry spells. They are relatively drought-tolerant once established.
Benefits: These trees provide excellent shade and vibrant fall color, enhancing any landscape. They also support various wildlife species.
Care: Red oaks prefer well-drained soil and full sun. Pruning in late winter helps maintain their structure and health. Mulching aids in soil moisture retention and root protection.
Water Needs: Texas mountain laurels are highly drought-tolerant once established. They require minimal watering, making them ideal for xeriscaping.
Benefits: These trees are known for their fragrant purple flowers, which attract pollinators. They also offer excellent ornamental value and are well-suited for small spaces.
Care: Texas mountain laurels thrive in well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. Minimal pruning is needed, usually just to maintain shape and remove any dead branches. Mulching can help conserve soil moisture.
Water Needs: Desert willows are extremely drought-tolerant and require minimal watering once established. They thrive on rainfall alone in many parts of Texas, making them ideal for water conservation.
Benefits: These trees are celebrated for their showy, trumpet-shaped flowers that bloom from late spring through fall, attracting hummingbirds and bees. Their open, airy forms and rapid growth make them a popular choice for ornamental use.
Care: Desert Willows prefer well-drained soil and full sun. They benefit from occasional pruning to maintain their shape and remove any dead or weak branches. These trees thrive in dry climates like those in West Texas. It’s in danger if it receives too much water, making it ill-suited for areas that receive heavy rainfall like Houston.
Whether you're drawn to the majestic burr oak, the vibrant flowers of the Texas Mountain Laurel, or the drought-loving desert willow, each tree offers unique advantages that will enrich your landscape. By understanding their specific water needs and care requirements, you can ensure that these trees thrive for years to come.
You can read more about Texas native and non-native trees on the Texas Tree ID website. It’s a comprehensive site that allows you to identify trees by any of their features. Additionally, download the Take Care of Texas Guide to Yard Care for more sustainable tips to keep your outdoor space thriving.
